3 tips of customs that you must know before go to India

Indians are always conscious of social order and their status relative to other people, be they family, friends, or strangers.

All relationships involve hierarchies. In schools, teachers are called gurus and are viewed as the source of all knowledge. The patriarch, usually the father, is considered the leader of the family. The boss is seen as the source of ultimate responsibility in business. Every relationship has a clear- cut hierarchy that must be observed for the social order to be maintained

here are 3 tips of the main customs of indian people 

Temple Etiquette 

Always take your shoes off before you enter a place of worship in India, and do not wear revealing clothes.

Travelers in India are often tempted to wear shorts, but it’s crucial to keep your shoulders and the lower part of your body covered when visiting a site of religious importance.

As the land where four major religions originated, and many others arrived and never left, many Indian people take their religion very, very seriously.

If you are interested in exploring their religious sites – many of which can be of immense historical and archeological importance – please respect religious sentiments even if you are not a believer.

                                                                      

Prepare to be OVERWHEMED!!!

India carries the burden of three centuries of British imperialism, along with the weight of its own often reworked and redefined history.

The two make a very postmodern combination. The complications and contradictions of India’s political realities will stun the first time foreign visitor.

You’ll encounter huge, swanky shopping malls very close to massive slum settlements that reek of utmost poverty.

Many visitors who stay in India leave with a sense of accomplishment, after having survived the initial overpowering shock.

And rest assured: it is a shock to learn what it means to live in India (as over a billion of us do).

Hands and Feet

There’s a whole hierarchy of the body parts in Hinduism. The head is superior to the rest of the body, and the feet are lowest on the rung.

Feet are considered dirty in India, so take off your shoes before you step into someone’s house. Don’t step on anything important and if you do, immediately express your apologies.

It’s a sign of deference to bend down and touch a respected elder’s feet in India.

The left hand is customarily used for cleaning oneself after defecation, so Indian people never eat with their left hands. Also remember never to pass on anything – money or a gift – to an Indian with your left hand. The most conservative Indians might take offense.

Education in India

Is provided by the public sector as well as the private sector, with control and funding coming from three levels: central, state, and local.

Primary education:

The Indian government lays emphasis on primary education up to the age of fourteen years, referred to as elementary education in India

Private education.

In India , due to the British influence, a public school implies a non-governmental, historically elite educational institution, often modeled on British public schools which are in certain cases governmental.

Most middle-class families send their children to such schools, which might be in their own city or distant boarding school such as Rajkumar College, Rajkot, the oldest public school in India

       

                                            

Dhirubhai Ambani School, Mumbai          

School wall of a Private School in India

Secondary education:

The National Policy on Education (NPE), 1986, has provided for environment awareness, science and technology education, and introduction of traditional elements such as Yoga into the Indian secondary school system.^[27] Secondary education covers children 14–18 which covers 88.5 million children according to the Census, 2001.

A special Integrated Education for Disabled Children (IEDC) programme was started in 1974 with a focus on primary education.^[8] but which was converted into Inclusive Education at Secondary Stage^. Another notable special programme, the Kendriya Vidyalaya project, was started for the employees of the central government of India, who are distributed throughout the country. The government started the Kendriya Vidyalaya project in 1965 to provide uniform education in institutions following the same syllabus at the same pace regardless of the location to which the employee's family has been transferred.

Higher education in India

India's higher education system is the third largest in the world, next to the United States and China. The main governing body at the tertiary level is the University Grants Commission, which enforces its standards, advises the government, and helps coordinate between the centre and the state. Accreditation for higher learning is overseen by 12 autonomous institutions established by the University Grants Commission.

Indian higher education system has expanded at a fast pace by adding nearly 20,000 colleges and more than 8 million students in a decade from 2000-2001 to 2010-2011. As of 2011^[update], India has 42 central universities, 275 state universities, 130 deemed universities, 90 private universities, 5 institutions established and functioning under the State Act, and 33 Institutes of National Importance.

                        Indian Institute of Management, Ahmedabad (Gujarat)

Education in Chile

Is divided in preschool, primary school, secondary school, and technical or higher education (university)

The levels of education in Chile are:

·         Pre-school: For children up to 5 years old.

·         Primary school: (Enseñanza básica) for children aged 6–13 years old, divided into 8 grades.

·         Secondary school: (Enseñanza media) for teenagers aged 14–17 years old, divided into 4 grades. Schools are divided by curriculum into:

1.      "Scientific-humanities". Geared to prepare students to enter university. From 11th grade (Tercero Medio), students can choose a subject in either science (math, physics, chemistry, biology), or humanities (literature, history, philosophy), for more advanced lessons.

2.      "Technical-professional". Designed to allow students to quickly enter the workforce after secondary education. Students are taught practical lessons in technical areas, such as electricity, mechanics, metal assembly, etc.

·         Higher education:

·         University: These are divided between "traditional" universities (public and private universities created (mostly) before the 1981 reform) and private institutions.

·         Professional Institute: Private institutions offering professional degrees, except for those given exclusively by universities. They were created in 1981.

·         Technical Schooling Center: Also created in 1981, they are private institutions offering technical degrees only.

According to the Constitution, primary and secondary school are mandatory for all Chileans.

The Chilean state provides an extensive system of education vouchers that covers about 93% of primary and secondary students (the other 7% attend non-subsidized private schools). The system is based on a direct payment to the schools based on daily attendance.

Schools are either public (nearly all owned by the municipality of the commune in which the school is located) or private, which may receive government subsidies.

            

Important Representatives on Social Sciences

MAHATMA GANDHI

Mahatma Gandhi was an important leader in India during its independence movement, influencing people both spiritually and politically. He was born in 1869 in Porbandar in the Indian state of Gujarat and died in 1948. When he was 13, he was married to Kasturbai.

 Mohandas K Gandhi, also known as 'Mahatma' which means Great Soul, is nearly indisputably considered to be the the biggest influence on India. He led the Indian nationalist movement with a doctrine of non-violent protests. Gandhi made groundbreaking changes to the Indian National Congress and devoted himself to improving Hindu-Muslim relations. The protest of a tax on salt led huge numbers to join a 'March to the Sea'.

DAVID HARE

Is known as an educational pioneer all over India.  A native of Scotland, he came to India in 1800, carried on a watch-making business in Calcutta and made a fortune by it.  He retired from business in 1814 ; and instead of going back to Scotland, remained in India and dedicated his life for the welfare of her people.

David Hare attended to all matters affecting the Indians. But his primary interest lay in the education of the people.  His efforts were directed towards the improvement of vernacular education, which was very extensive at that time.

The Indians had already come into contact with the Europeans, most of whom were business men.  They perceived the Europeans’ superior powers, due to the mastery of western literature and science.  David Hare perceived the desideratum of the Indian people. He joined the movement for the establishment of an organized institution to impart English education as well as education in the sciences.  We owe the conception of such an institution to Raja Ram Mohun Roy.

Raja Ram Mohan Roy 

Raja Ram Mohan Roy, Ram Mohun also spelled Rammohun, Rammohan, or Ram Mohan (Bengali 22 May 1772 – 27 September 1833), was an Indian religious, social, and educational reformer, and humanitarian, who challenged traditional Hindu culture and indicated the lines of progress for Indian society under British rule.